Ku Isi habonetse ubutaka bushya bwo guturwaho buriho n’umwuka udasanzwe mbese wu muzira nenge
Dani Wright yagiye gushakisha ahantu hari umwuka mwiza kurusha ahandi hose kuri uyu mubumbe maze asanga ni ahantu heza h’izina ryihariye; Cape Grim.
Ni agace ko mu majyaruguru ashyira uburengerazuba ku mwigimbakirwa uri ku musozo w’ikirwa kigize leta ya Tasmania ya Australia.
Abantu bacye ni bo babasha kugera muri aka gace kazwi nk’“impera y’isi”. Ariko abahagera bahasanga imanga zitangaje, imyaro y’umucanga w’umukara, ahantu haciye inkubi z’imiyaga, n’imirimba migari y’ubuhinzi hejuru ku misozi.
Uku kuba hitaruye cyane ntibyarinze gusa umwimerere w’ubwiza bwaho ahubwo byanahahaye ikintu cyatumye hamenyekana: aha ni ho uzasanga umwuka usukuye kurusha ahandi hose ku isi, nk’uko byerekanwa n’igipimo cyo guhumana k’umwuka waho.
Imwe muri ‘station’ 25 zipima umwuka w’ikirere ku isi, Cape Grim Baseline Atmospheric Pollution Station (CGBAPS) iri hejuru y’imanga, yashinzwe mu 1976 ngo ijye ifata ibipimo by’umwuka waho ibisesengure, kenshi ifata umwuka utarangwamo imyotsi cyangwa imyanda iyo ari yo yose.
Dr Ann Stavert, umushakashatsi mukuru muri Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) igenzura kiriya kigo ifatanyije na Australian Bureau of Meteorology (BoM), asobanura impamvu y’umwuka mwiza kuri uwo mwigimbakirwa.
Ati: “Imiyaga ikomeye iva iburengerazuba ikagera kuri station ipima ya Cape Grim iba yagenze ibirometero ibihumbi iciye mu bukonje bukaze bw’inyanja mu majyepfo, bigatuma ibipimo by’umwuka usukuye bya hano ari bimwe mu byiza cyane ku isi.”
Iyi ‘station’ ipima, ifite kandi uruhare rukomeye mu bushakashatsi ku ihindagurika ry’ikirere, ibipimo itanga ku kwangirika kwa ozone (akayungurizo k’imirasire y’izuba), ubushyuhe n’ubukonje, imvura, umuyaga, ubuhehere n’ubukana bw’izuba, ni ibipimo by’ingenzi cyane kuko byerekana uko ikirere cy’isi kigenda gihinduka mu gihe runaka.
Uhagaze hejuru y’imanga zo muri aka gace ushobora gutwarwa n’umuyaga uzira ubwandu uba uvuye muri Antarctica w’imbaraga uzwi hano, ushobora kugera ku muvuduko wa 180km kw’isaha (180km/h0.
Inyanja iri mu burengerazuba bwa Tasmania ni cyo gice kinini cy’inyanja kitagendwa ku isi, imiyaga ihavuye igakora urugendo rurerure ica ku nyanja mbere yo kugera ku mwaro wa Cape Grim.
Kuko uwo muyaga uba wagenze hejuru y’inyanja itarimo ibindi bivuye ku butaka nk’amato, iyi ni imwe mu miyaga icyeye kurusha iyindi ku isi.
Dr Ann Stavert ati: “Ukoresheje ‘data’ z’umuvuduko w’umuyaga n’icyerekezo cyawo tuzi ko hafi 30% by’umuyaga ugera kuri Cape Grim wafatwa nk’icyo abahanga muri siyanse bita “itangiriro”. Uwo ni umwuka utarimo ibyanduza na bicye.”
Iriya ‘station’ ya CGBAPS ipima kandi n’umwuka “utari mwiza” uhagera, nk’umwuka uturuka i Melbourne ugenda ukahagera.
Sarah Prior ushinzwe CGBAPS ati: “Ibipimo birabikwa bikazifashishwa mu kugereranya n’imyuka mishya yafashwe nyuma n’ibindi bikoresho bigezweho. Ni nk’ububiko bw’imivinyu ariko hano bw’umwuka.”
Cape Grim izwi kandi ku izina rya Kennaook, ni kamwe mu duce tw’ubutaka bw’abaturage b’abasangwabutaka baho bitwa Pennemuker, bahatuye kuva mu myaka ibihumbi.
Ubwicanyi bwa Cape Grim mu 1828 bwahitanye benshi mu ba Pennemuker hafi kubarimbura. Uyu munsi, ikigo Circular Head Aboriginal Corporation gifasha abakerarugendo kuhasura no kumenya umuco n’amateka yaho. Kubera uwo muhate umuco w’aba- Pennemuker urimo kugaruka, ndetse no kuzuka k’ururimi rwabo.
Ibindi bice byitaruye cyane bipimirwaho imyuka izira inenge ku isi birimo Mauna Loa station muri Hawaii muri Amerika, ikirwa cyitaruye cyane cya Macquarie, Casey Station kuri Antarctica n’umujyi wa Svalbard muri Ny-Ålesund mu nyanja y’amajyaruguru ya Arctic.
Ikirere kidasanzwe n’imanga zitangaje by’i Cape Grim ni byo byabanje gukurura umuhanga mu gufotora imiterere y’isi w’i Tasmania witwa Olivia Sattler, kandi avuga ko uretse kuba aha hantu hatoroshye n’ikirere kirangwamo imiyaga ikaze n’imihengeri iva ku nyanja, aka gace gafite “umutuzo wihariye”.
Olivia ati: “Cape Grim ni ahantu heza kandi hatangaje. Iyo izuba rirenze hejuru y’amazi ubona amabara meza cyane hejuru y’inyanja y’ubururu.”
Haba mu gihe cy’ubukonje cyangwa mu gihe cy’ubushyuhe buri cyose gifite umwihariko, ari nabyo Olivia avuga ko bigira aha hantu umwihariko.
Ubuziranenge bw’umwuka abacuruzi babubyaza umusaruro mu kwamamaza, aho bamwe bakora ibintu byinshi kuva ku macupa y’amazi, vodka, whiskey na gin bakabyitirira aka gace, ndetse bamwe bafunga umwuka mu macupa bakawugurisha mu bice by’ikirere cyanduye ku isi bavuga ko ari uw’i Tasmania.
Aka gace kazwiho ubuki bw’imusozi bwiza, fromage/cheese ikozwe 100% mu mata yaho, ndetse inyama z’inka zaho zizwi nka zimwe mu nziza cyane ku isi.
Umwe mu borozi b’aho bagurisha inyama , Richard Nicholls, aba mu gace ko hepfo cyane kuri Cape Grim kuva ari muto ubwo se yimukiraga muri aka gace agamije guhindura ubuzima bwe burundu akava mu Bwongereza.
Nicholls, uba areba ya ‘station’ ya CGBAPS ari iwe, ati “Tugira ibihe bine mu mwaka, gusa ntibimeze nk’uko byahoze hambere, ubu kimwe gisa n’ikinjira mu kindi.”
