Menya Amateka n’inkomoko bya Noheli

Noheli ni izina rituruka ku ijambo ry’Igifaransa ’Noël’ naryo ryaturutse ku ijambo ry’Ikilatini ‘Natalis’ bisobanuye Ukuvuka.

Mu Cyongereza, iri jambo ni inyunge rigizwe na “Christ” na “Mass”, aho rikomoka ku cyongereza cya kera “Christemass” nabyo biva ku cya kera cyane “Cristes mæsse”, rikaba rikomoka mu Kigereki n’Ikilatini, aho “Cristes” bikomoka ku Kigereki “Christos” na”mæsse” rikava ku Kilatini “missa”

Noheli ni umunsi abakirisitu bizihiza ivuka rya Yesu Kirisito / Yezu Kirisitu. Buri mwaka tariki ya 25 abayoboke b’amadini n’amatorero yizera Yesu hirya no hino ku Isi yizihiza umunsi mukuru w’ivuka ry’Umwana w’Imana.

Nubwo bwose abakirisitu/ abakirisito bizihiza umunsi w’amavuko wa Yezu ku italiki 25 ukuboza, abahanga bagaragaza ko Yesu atavutse kuri iyi tariki kubera ko umunsi wa Noheli ngo waba waremejwe kugira ngo uhurirane n’imboneko z’ukwezi kwa mbere kw’itumba (winter solstice) kuko abaromani bawizihizaga ku itariki 25 Ukuboza buri mwaka. Byaturutse ku munsi wizihizwaga mu muco w’Abaromani witwaga ‘Dies Natalis Solis Invicti’, bivuze izuka ry’izuba ridatsindwa”.

Mu gihe cy’ubukonje abantu basengaga izuba ubwo bari batarasobanukirwa Imana, bafataga Izuba nk’igitangaza kuko ryatumaga basubirana ubuzima bakava mu gihe cy’ubukonje. Icyo gihe Umwami witwaga OLoriane yahisemo kwegeranya iyo minsi yose kugira ngo yizihirizwe rimwe, bafata itariki 25 Ukuboza”.

Mu myaka myinshi ya mbere y’ikinyejana cya 16 benshi mu banditsi bizeraga ko Yesu koko yavutse kuri iyo tariki ya 25 Ukuboza. Mu kinyejana cya cumi n’umunani ni bwo hagiye haboneka abandi bagiye bagerageza gusobanura ibya Noheli.

Mu 1743, Umudage Paul Ernst Jablonski yagerageje gusobanura ko Noheli yashyizwe kuri 25 Ukuboza kugirango ihurirane n’umunsi wa kiromani wo kwizihiza izuba wa Dies Natalis Solis Invicti.

Urugero Sir Isaac Newton yagerageje gusobanura ko iyo tariki yafashwe kugira ngo ihurirane n’imboneko y’ukwezi kubanziriza itumba kandi mu gihe cya kera yarizihizwaga ku itariki 25 Ukuboza.

Nubwo bigoye gusobanura amateka yose, ikigaragara neza ni uko Noheli yizihijwe bwa mbere nk’umunsi w’ivuka rya Yezu kuri 25 Ukuboza umwaka wa 354. Ibi bisobanurwa neza mu nyandiko yiswe (Chronography of 354), ikaba ari imwe mu nyandiko zarokotse zandikiwe i Roma muri 354 nyuma ya Yezu.

Uko imyaka yagiye ishira ariko cyane cyane nk’uko bigaragara ubu, Noheli isigaye yizihizwa hafi n’abantu bose b’amadini anyuranye, cyane cyane ko no hanze y’urusengero ari umunsi wafashwe nk’ikiruhuko.

No mu bihugu bitiganjemo abakirisitu, umunsi wa Noheli uba ari konji. Nko mu gihugu nka Korea, ahagaragara umubare muke w’Abakirisitu /abakirisito, usanga bizihiza Noheli ku buryo budasanzwe, kuko mu gihugu hose uhasanga imitako y’uyu munsi.

Ibihugu bitizihiza umunsi wa Noheli ni nk’igihugu cy’u Bushinwa (havuyemo imijyi nka Hong Kong na Macao.), Nepali, Koreya ya Ruguru, Turikiya Arabiya Sawudite, Aligeriya, u Buyapani, Tayillande na Irani.

Noheli ni umwe mu minsi yizihizwa cyane ku Isi. Gusa nubwo ari umunsi witabwaho cyane n’abakirisito /abakirisitu, bamwe mu batizera Yesu benshi bawizihiza nk’umunsi wo gusabana n’imiryango, no kuruhuka.

Umukirisito wo muri ADEPR yavuze ko Noheli imwibutsa ko yavukiwe n’umukiza.

Ati: “Kuri njye, Noheli ni umunsi nibuka ko umukiza yatuvukiye, kandi ko umwizera azahabwa ubugingo buhoraho. Ni umunsi w’ibyishimo n’umunezero kuko sekibi yaraneshejwe”.

Umwizera we yavuze ko atari umunsi Itorero ry’Abadivantisiti b’Umunsi wa 7 bizihiza, kuko si wo Yesu yavutseho, gusa yizera ko ari mu bo yacunguye.

Umukirisitu wo muri Gatulika we ahamya neza ko uyu munsi utuma yibuka ko Yezu yavutse kandi wari umugambi w’Imana kugira ngo azacungure abantu.

Kuri Noheli kandi, ni umunsi w’impano ku bana.

Mu kwizihiza Noheli kandi hari imitako itegurwa harimo ikirugu aho umwana Yezu yari aryamye. Mu kinyejana cya 16 igiti cya sipure gitoshye cyamenyekanye nk’igiti cya Noheli. Hirya no hino mu bigo, mu mijyi, mu ngo usanga hatatswe mu buryo butandukamnye.

Martin Luther bivugwa ko yaba ari we wa mbere winjije igiti cya Noheli mu nzu. Ijoro ribanziriza Noheli, umudage Martin Luther yarimo agendagenda mu ishyamba abona inyenyeri zimurikira mu mashami y’ibiti. Avuga ko icyo gihe kuri we byari byiza ndetse ko byamwibukije Yesu wasize inyenyeri zo mu ijuru akaza mu Isi.