IGikoresho cya korewe m’Urwanda (Early Flood Detection System) kizajya kifashishwa gupima umwuzure (made in rwanda)

babiri bize muri Kaminuza y’u Rwanda (UR) n’undi umwe uhiga, bakoze Ikoranabuhanga ‘Early Flood Detection System’ ryakwifashishwa mu gutanga impuruza ku hantu hagiye kuba umwuzure, igihe amazi ageze ku burebure bwashyira abantu n’ibintu mu kaga.

Abo ni Penine Ngizwenayo, Clarisse Isingizwe na Marie Rose Mwiseneza, bamuritse iryo koranabuhanga ubwo UR yasozaga Icyiciro cya Kabiri cy’Amahugurwa y’amezi atandatu, yahabwaga 19 barimo abanyeshuri bahugurwaga ku gukoresha ikoranabuhanga ryabahesha kwihangira imirimo bakanakemura bimwe mu bibazo byugarije u Rwanda.

Aba bakobwa batatu bahuriye ku kuba barize ‘Computer and Software Engineering’ mu Ishami rya Siyansi n’Ikorabuhanga muri Kaminuza y’u Rwanda (UR-CST).

Penine Ngizwenayo aganira na IGIHE yavuze ko bahuje ibikoresho bitandukanye birimo icyo yagereranyije n’indangururamajwi cyangwa se ‘Microphones’, amatara amyasa ndetse n’ibindi bikora bihujwe na mudasobwa ku kuryo umuntu ashobora no kubona ubutumwa kuri telefoni, bumumenyesha ko iwe amazi y’imvura yabaye menshi hagiye kuba umwuzure.

Ati ‘‘Twahuje ibikoresho bitandukanye, twakoresheje ESP [ikoranabuhanga rikoresha utwumvisho] ndetse n’ayo matara n’icyo twakwita indangururamajwi, turabihuza ku buryo tujyana sisitemu ku mugezi yo ikareba hagati yayo n’umugezi intera irimo, uko amazi azamuka igatanga ubutumwa bitewe n’aho ageze.’’

Avuga ko iryo koranabuhanga ryashyirwa cyane cyane ku migezi yuzura mu gihe cy’imvura bigateza imyuzure n’ubwo no kurishyira ahandi bitabujijwe, rikareba uko amazi yiyongera hakaba hari ayo matara atatu akora nka ‘Traffic Lights’ zo mu muhanda.

Ayo matara akozwe ku buryo iyo amazi ari mu rugero rwo hasi itara ryaka mu ibara ry’ubururu, yazamuka ubona atangiye kurenga urugero rikaka umuhondo, noneho yagera aho ashobora gutera umwuzure rikaka mu ibara ry’umutuku ndetse na ya ndangururamajwi igasakuza.

Hari n’urubuga rwo kureberaho uko amazi azamuka (icyitwa dashboard) rwakozwe nka website, hamwe na application yashyirwa muri telefoni ku buryo inzego zibishinzwe zajya zibikurikirana ndetse byanagaragara ko hashobora kuba ikibazo iryo koranabuhanga rikohereza email ku bayobozi babishinzwe.

Bifashishije kandi ikoranabuhanga rya ‘Internet of Things (IoT)’ rigizwe n’utwumvirizo (sensors ) tumenya imihindagurikire y’amazi mu migezi no ku biraro mu gihe cy’imvura, amakuru avuye kuri izo sensors akaba ari yo yifashishwa mu buryo bw’ako kanya (real time data) agashyirwa mu bubiko mbere yo kugaragazwa kuri dashboard.

Mu makuru atangwa n’izo sensors harimo uburebure bw’amazi, imihindagurikire y’ubushyuhe n’ubukonje.

Muri gahunda bafite zo kwagura iri koranabuhanga, barifuza no kongeramo umuvuduko w’umuyaga ndetse n’icyerecyezo cyawo ku buryo babihuza n’amakuru y’iteganyagihe.

Bavuga ko ibi byabafasha kumenya mbere y’igihe cy’ukwezi niba hari ingaruka zishobora kubaho ziturutse ku mihindagurikire y’ikirere, bagatanga amakuru ku bashinzwe kurwanya ibiza hamwe n’abashinzwe igenamigambi mu myubakire, bakoresheje ubwenge

buremano (Artificial Intelligence, AI).

Penine Ngizwenayo yavuze ko iryo koranabuhanga ari umusaruro w’amahugurwa bahawe, bakaba bifuza ko na bo bagira uruhare mu gukemura ibibazo byugarije u Rwanda bishingiye ku mihindagurikire y’ibihe.

Ati ‘‘Twe twakoze ku kibazo cy’umwuzure, nk’uko mubizi mu bice nk’i Nyabihu hamaze iminsi haba umwuzure abantu benshi barapfa, hari abahaburiye imitungo yabo n’ibyangombwa. Twe icyo tuzaniye sosiyete nk’umusaruro dukuye mu mahugurwa twahawe ni ugutahura ko hari imvura yaguye, ahasigaye amazi yaba ari kwiyongera abantu bakamenyeshwa.’’

Aba bakobwa bakoze iri koranabuhanga kandi basobanura ko ryajya ryunganira gahunda ya Leta ya ‘Smart Cities’, mu gufasha Abaturarwanda mu guhindura imiturire ndetse no gukoresha ikoranabuhanga mu buzima bwa buri munsi.

Bavuga ko riramutse ritewe inkunga yaba iy’amafaranga no kwemererwa kurikoresha, ryagira uruhare mu gutuma abantu cyane abatuye mu bice bikunze kwibasirwa n’ibiza baburirwa kare, ku buryo badashobora guhitanwa na byo ku bwo guhabwa impuruza bakaba bava aho hantu cyangwa bakagira n’ibishoboka bahakura ntibyangirike biturutse ku mvura nyinshi.

Umuyobozi w’Agateganyo wa African Centre of Excellence in Internet of Things (ACEIoT) akaba ari na yo yahaye amahugurwa abo banyeshuri, Assoc. Prof. Damien Hanyurwimfura, yavuze ko iri tsinda ndetse n’andi afite ibindi yakoze byitezweho umusaruro mu gukemura ibibazo byugarije igihugu.

Ati ‘‘Tubitezeho ko ubumenyi bahawe bazagenda bakabukoresha bahanga imirimo cyangwa bagafasha bagenzi babo kuba bayihanga. Bagiye bakorera imishinga mu matsinda, ni ukuvuga ngo bafite amatsinda atandukanye, muri ayo matsinda rero bazajya bakomeza bakorane kugira ngo bashake ibisubizo.’’

Yongeyeho ko Kaminuza y’u Rwanda hari umushinga ifite uzifashishwa mu gukomeza gukurikirana abo banyeshuri bakaba bahuzwa n’inganda zabafasha mu kwimenyereza umwuga hashingiwe ku bushakashatsi, hanaboneka ubushobozi bakajya bagarurwa kuri kaminuza bagenzi babo bazayigamo mu myaka iri imbere.

Yavuze ko ibi byose UR iri kubikora mu guteza imbere u Rwanda na Afurika muri rusange, hagamijwe ko igira uruhare mu gutunga ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga byayikorewemo